Normal male has 600 million spermatogonia at puberty produces 100-200 million spermatozoa produced daily and he will produce one trillion sperm in his life time.

Semen analysis is very important to rule out male factor infertility, standard but detailed instructions for semen collection should be followed to get the best reading in the analysis.

Cause and treatment of male infertility in Chinese Medicine

Kidney yin Deficiency
Patient has low seminal volume, low sperm density, prolonged semen liquefaction time, and high levels of abnormal morphology,

soreness and weakness of the low back and knees, dizziness and tinnitus, premature ejaculation, frequent erections, or inability to ejaculate, insomnia, forgetfulness, nigh sweats, dry stool

Kidney Yang deficiency
Clear cold semen, low sperm motility, low sperm vitality, prolonged liquefaction time, weak ejaculation with decreased intensity of orgasm, low libido, premature ejaculation, aversion to cold and cold limbs, low back pain, and knee pain, sensation of cold and dampness in the anterior yin region, frequent nocturia.

Spleen and kidney qi deficiency and heart and liver blood deficiency
Dilute semen, low sperm density, low sperm motility and vitality, decreased libido, premature ejaculation, physical weakness, abdominal distension and loose stools, soreness and weakness of low back and knees, palpitations, insomnia, poor memory, dizzy head and eyes, low appetite, pale nails, pale tongue

Damp-heat pouring downward
Thicker yellow semen, nonliquefactaction or prolonged liquefaction of semen, high levels of white blood cells or pus in the semen, low seminal volume, high quantity of dead sperm in the semen, low sperm motility, delayed ejaculation, priapism, inability to ejaculate, a sensation of distention and pain in the genitals after sexual activity.

Congelation and stagnation of phlegm turbidity
Low seminal volume, low sperm density and motility, low sperm vitality, inability to ejaculate, testicular hardness, swelling and pain, oppression of the chest and nausea, copious sputum, overweight body. Enlarged tongue with thick moist coat. Slippery and weak pulse.

Blood stasis obstruction
Scrotum feels like a bag of worms (varicosele), sensation of distension, heaviness and pain of the scrotum and perineum, pain along the essence pathway during ejaculation, low sperm density, low sperm motility, poor sperm morphology, high level of red blood cells in semen, sinking pain in testes, purple lips, purple tongue. Pulse is weak and rough or thin and rough.

Cold stagnation in liver channel
Clear and cold semen, distension, swelling and pain in testes, sagging, pain in lesser abdomen which worsens after sexual activity, dampness and coldness of scrotum which worsens after exposure to cold, general aversion to cold. Pale tongue with tooth marks and a thin white coating.